Essay Survival Guide

Essay Survival Guide When it comes to write an essay  and formating a paper, we live with the constant fear that nothing we do will be good enough for that holiest of all grades – an A. More often than not, we turn in a quality paper by our standards, but find that our professor has an entirely different expectation in mind. This eBook was created to help you enter the mind of your professor – perhaps, with a little understanding, you can aim your papers toward his or her expectations. Book Details File Size:  182 KB Print Length:  26 pages Publication Date:  March 25, 2016 ISBN:  9781508038283 Language:  English Price: $0.99 Edition by:  Cassandra Bondie and Team Buy Here Amazon  Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã‚  ITunes  Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã‚  GooglePlay  Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã‚  Barnes Noble  Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã‚  Kobo  Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã‚  Google Books CONTENT An Introduction An Open Letter to You: The Student What to Expect as You Read Necessary Time Management Skills Concluding Thoughts Section 1: Mastering Your Subject: The First Step Six Unbeatable Research Tips FAQs: Finding the Right Angle Generating a Bibliography in Four Easy Steps Section 2: Formatting a Rough Draft: The Writing Process The Seven Rules of Using MLA Format Why You  NEED  an Outline Writing the Draft Section 3: The Editing Period: Completing Your Work Eight Mistakes You’ve Probably Made The Three-Step Editing Process Polishing Your Final Piece In three easy sections, we’re going to walk you through the process of writing an â€Å"A† paper. If you follow all of these instructions to a fault, you’ll find that it isn’t as difficult as you originally believed to achieve a perfect score. It’s all about the outlook. It’s all about what you know. When you’re done, you’re going to know an awful lot. Good luck!

Understanding What Fluid Dynamics is

Understanding What Fluid Dynamics is Fluid dynamics is the study of the movement of fluids, including their interactions as two fluids come into contact with each other. In this context, the term fluid refers to either liquid or gases. It is a macroscopic, statistical approach to analyzing these interactions at a large scale, viewing the fluids as a continuum of matter and generally ignoring the fact that the liquid or gas is composed of individual atoms. Fluid dynamics is one of the two main branches of fluid mechanics, with the other branch being  fluid statics,  the study of fluids at rest. (Perhaps not surprisingly, fluid statics may be thought of as a bit less exciting most of the time than fluid dynamics.) Key Concepts of Fluid Dynamics Every discipline involves concepts that are crucial to understanding how it operates. Here are some of the main ones that youll come across when trying to understand fluid dynamics. Basic Fluid Principles The fluid concepts that apply in fluid statics also come into play when studying fluid that is in motion. Pretty much the earliest concept in fluid mechanics is that of buoyancy, discovered in ancient Greece by Archimedes. As fluids flow, the density and pressure of the fluids are also crucial to understanding how they will interact. The viscosity  determines how resistant the liquid is to change, so is also essential in studying the movement of the liquid. Here are some of the variables that come up in these analyses: Bulk viscosity:  ÃŽ ¼Density:  Ã Kinematic viscosity:  ÃŽ ½ ÃŽ ¼ / Ï  Flow Since fluid dynamics involves the study of the motion of fluid, one of the first concepts that must be understood is how physicists quantify that movement. The term that physicists use to describe the physical properties of the movement of liquid is flow. Flow describes a wide range of fluid movement, such blowing through the air, flowing through a pipe, or running along a surface. The flow of a fluid is classified in a variety of different ways, based upon the various properties of the flow. Steady vs. Unsteady Flow If the movement of fluid does not change over time, it is considered a steady flow. This is determined by a situation where all properties of the flow remain constant with respect to time or alternately can be talked about by saying that the time-derivatives of the flow field vanish. (Check out calculus for more about understanding derivatives.) A steady-state flow  is even less time-dependent because all of the fluid properties (not just the flow properties) remain constant at every point within the fluid. So if you had a steady flow, but the properties of the fluid itself changed at some point (possibly because of a barrier causing time-dependent ripples in some parts of the fluid), then you would have a steady flow that is not a steady-state flow. All steady-state flows are examples of steady flows, though.  A current flowing at a constant rate through a straight pipe would be an example of a steady-state flow (and also a steady flow).   If the flow itself has properties that change over time, then it is called an unsteady flow or a transient flow. Rain flowing into a gutter during a storm is an example of unsteady flow. As a general rule, steady flows make for easier problems to deal with than unsteady flows, which is what one would expect given that the time-dependent changes to the flow dont have to be taken into account, and things that change over time are typically going to make things more complicated. Laminar Flow vs. Turbulent Flow A smooth flow of liquid is said to have laminar flow. Flow that contains seemingly chaotic, non-linear motion is said to have turbulent flow. By definition, a turbulent flow is a type of unsteady flow.   Both types of flows may contain eddies, vortices, and various types of recirculation, though the more of such behaviors that exist the more likely the flow is to be classified as turbulent.   The distinction between whether a flow is laminar or turbulent is usually related to the Reynolds number (Re). The Reynolds number was first calculated in 1951 by physicist George Gabriel Stokes, but it is named after the 19th-century scientist Osborne Reynolds. The Reynolds number is dependent not only on the specifics of the fluid itself but also on the conditions of its flow, derived as the ratio of inertial forces to viscous forces in the following way:   Re Inertial force / Viscous forces Re (Ï  V dV/dx) / (ÃŽ ¼ d2V/dx2) The term dV/dx is the gradient of the velocity (or first derivative of the velocity), which is proportional to the velocity (V) divided by L, representing a scale of length, resulting in dV/dx V/L. The second derivative is such that d2V/dx2 V/L2. Substituting these in for the first and second derivatives results in: Re (Ï  V V/L) / (ÃŽ ¼ V/L2) Re   (Ï  V L) / ÃŽ ¼ You can also divide through by the length scale L, resulting in a Reynolds number per foot, designated as Re f V /  ÃŽ ½. A low Reynolds number indicates smooth, laminar flow. A high Reynolds number indicates a flow that is going to demonstrate eddies and vortices and will generally be more turbulent. Pipe Flow vs. Open-Channel Flow Pipe flow represents a flow that is in contact with rigid boundaries on all sides, such as water moving through a pipe (hence the name pipe flow) or air moving through an air duct. Open-channel flow describes flow in other situations where there is at least one free surface that is not in contact with a rigid boundary. (In technical terms, the free surface has 0 parallel sheer stress.) Cases of open-channel flow include water moving through a river, floods, water flowing during rain, tidal currents, and irrigation canals. In these cases, the surface of the flowing water, where the water is in contact with the air, represents the free surface of the flow. Flows in a pipe are driven by either pressure or gravity, but flows in open-channel situations are driven solely by gravity. City water systems often use water towers to take advantage of this, so that the elevation difference of the water in the tower (the  hydrodynamic head)  creates a pressure differential, which is then adjusted with mechanical pumps to get water to the locations in the system where they are needed.   Compressible vs. Incompressible Gases are generally treated as compressible fluids because the volume that contains them can be reduced. An air duct can be reduced by half the size and still carry the same amount of gas at the same rate. Even as the gas flows through the air duct, some regions will have higher densities than other regions. As a general rule, being incompressible means that the density of any region of the fluid does not change as a function of time as it moves through the flow. Liquids can also be compressed, of course, but theres more of a limitation on the amount of compression that can be made. For this reason, liquids are typically modeled as if they were incompressible. Bernoullis Principle Bernoullis principle is another key element of fluid dynamics, published in Daniel Bernoullis 1738 book  Hydrodynamica. Simply put, it relates the increase of speed in a liquid to a decrease in pressure or potential energy.  For incompressible fluids, this can be described using what is known as Bernoullis equation: (v2/2) gz p/Ï  constant Where g is the acceleration due to gravity, Ï  is the pressure throughout the liquid,  v is the fluid flow speed at a given point, z is the elevation at that point, and p is the pressure at that point. Because this is constant within a fluid, this means that these equations can relate any two points, 1 and 2, with the following equation: (v12/2) gz1 p1/Ï  (v22/2) gz2 p2/Ï  The relationship between pressure and potential energy of a liquid based on elevation is also related through Pascals Law. Applications of Fluid Dynamics Two-thirds of the Earths surface is water and the planet is surrounded by layers of atmosphere, so we are literally surrounded at all times by fluids ... almost always in motion. Thinking about it for a bit, this makes it pretty obvious that there would be a lot of interactions of moving fluids for us to study and understand scientifically. Thats where fluid dynamics comes in, of course, so theres no shortage of fields that apply concepts from fluid dynamics. This list is not at all exhaustive, but provides a good overview of ways in which fluid dynamics show up in the study of physics across a range of specializations: Oceanography, Meteorology,   Climate Science - Since the atmosphere is modeled as fluids, the study of atmospheric science  and ocean currents, crucial for understanding and predicting weather patterns and climate trends, relies heavily on fluid dynamics.Aeronautics - The physics of fluid dynamics involves studying the flow of air to create drag and lift, which in turn generate the forces that allow heavier-than-air flight.Geology Geophysics - Plate tectonics involves studying the motion of the heated matter within the liquid core of the Earth.Hematology Hemodynamics - The biological study of blood includes the study of its circulation through blood vessels, and the blood circulation can be modeled using the methods of fluid dynamics.Plasma Physics - Though neither a liquid nor a gas, plasma often behaves in ways that are similar to fluids, so can also be modeled using fluid dynamics.Astrophysics Cosmology  - The process of stellar evolution involves the change of stars over time, which can be understood by studying how the plasma that composes the stars flows and interacts within the star over time. Traffic Analysis - Perhaps one of the most surprising applications of fluid dynamics is in understanding the movement of traffic, both vehicular and pedestrian traffic. In areas where the traffic is sufficiently dense, the whole body of traffic can be treated as a single entity that behaves in ways that are roughly similar enough to the flow of a fluid. Alternative Names of Fluid Dynamics Fluid dynamics is also sometimes referred at as hydrodynamics, although this is more of a historical term. Throughout the twentieth century, the phrase fluid dynamics became much more commonly used. Technically, it would be more appropriate to say that hydrodynamics is when fluid dynamics is applied to liquids in motion and aerodynamics is when fluid dynamics is applied to gases in motion. However, in practice, specialized topics such as hydrodynamic stability and magnetohydrodynamics use the hydro- prefix even when they are applying those concepts to the motion of gases.

Using Marketing Channels and Price to Create Value for Customers Essay

Using Marketing Channels and Price to Create Value for Customers - Essay Example This broadens the targeted customer base, and creates a new understanding of what the markets are all about. It opens up new avenues that provide the product with ideal marketing properties, hence reaching more clients within the shortest time possible. This also allows more clients to be aware of the products being sold, and have the right information (Kerin, 2012). Selective distribution is used to reach out to a majority of the clients (â€Å"Week 6 reading†). The targeting process allows the consumer to attain the level of growth required in sales and revenue. The work of the distributor is to understand the market and rally all the supply chains under its control to take up the product to the wholesaler (Hochbaum, 2011). This marketing gimmick entices the wholesaler to stock the product. The wholesaler takes up the product and convinces the retailers that it is a good way of meeting the changing client’s demands. It will be a boost to the retailer’s sales and revenue collection. The retailer recommends the products and ensures the clients come back for more. This makes it easy to reach out to more clients while at the same time providing new requirements to satisfy the needs of these clients (Kerin, 2012). The pricing strategies in place aim at maximizing the sales and the market share. By maximizing profits, it is possible to create efficient systems and effectively capture the required clientele bases. It opens up new methods of doing business while still earning the forecasted profits. By working on maximizing the market share, the company earns a better share of the clientele bases and captures more markets (Hochbaum, 2011). This allows more people to view the product and create a better way of involving all the people needed to attain these goals. The main strategy here is to use the odd-even pricing strategy (â€Å"Week 6 reading†). This approach allows clients to come and acquire products in bulk because of the

Seizing Computers and Obtaining Electronic Evidence in Criminal Essay

Seizing Computers and Obtaining Electronic Evidence in Criminal Investigations - Essay Example The plain view exception indicates that the search warrant holders should seize evidence in plain view. No warrant is needed to seize evidence that is in view. However, in computer devices, this is not applicable. Courts have generally held that law enforcers are entitled to search the entire computing device for evidence in the case of a crime. The law enforcers are encouraged to look for information in the entire device by reviewing every file in the computer. This is major because of the ease with which files in a computer can be camouflaged or hidden in different kinds of names and extensions. Assume that the courts in your jurisdiction are considering requiring a judicially approved ‘search protocol’ before a judge will sign a search warrant authorizing a search of any computer device. Computers can be used to manipulate evidence and make it difficult for authorities to obtain the required information to prosecute or find evidence. Even though law enforcers are allo wed to carry out a search warrant if the courts deem it fit to curtail their mandate they would be forced to oblige, but at the risk of losing vital evidence. If courts restrict searches of computer devices up to the point when a judicial approval is received, suspects can manipulate their devices and do away with what can be incriminating. However, if the judicial approval is needed before a search warrant, then the law enforcers should be allowed to have the devices in their possession to eliminate the risk of the accused tampering with the evidence.

Jet Blue Melt Down Essay Example for Free

Jet Blue Melt Down Essay The technology department at Jet Blue airlines let down the company during the melt down. There were many areas where if the technology department had been on top of its game this melt down would not have been nearly as bad as it was. These range from simple communications problems to issues with lost bags. The first area where technology let down those at Jet Blue was that of not being able to rebook flights on the internet. This was a major problem as because the website did not allow for passengers whose flights had been cancelled to reschedule they had to call agents. The problem here is many of these agents work from home and the system was only capable of handling 650 calls at a time. If the website had been able to allow customers to rebook it would have taken a lot of the load off of these agents. The second issue we have here is the system only allowed for 650 agents to be on the phones at a time. When you consider they have the normal everyday business along with many flights being cancelled causing angry passengers to call in to rebook this problem became magnified. Customer grew angry with the amount of time that they had to remain on hold to rebook flights. The next issue that lingered was that of being able to identify who owned the lost luggage. This system was a simple one as it only took the technology department 24 hours to design a system to locate these passengers and reunite them with their luggage. However, when you are already upset and angry 24 hours is quite a long time. This was an issue that never should have been as it should have been in place prior to this event. Finally we come to the issue of being able to communicate with off duty crews and know their location when rebooking flights. This issue was one that could have been fixed in a simple manner with a system similar to that  which Nextel offers to customer’s walkie talkie options with a gps locator on the phone. To conclude my findings if the technology department had been doing its job prior to these events the problem would not have been nearly as magnified. Through some simple fixes and forward thinking there could have been several areas that would have helped to make managing this event easier from enhanced phone systems to a website with more capabilities for customers to simple gps enable cell phones this problem would not have cost the company upwards of 30 million dollars.

Lasers :: essays research papers

The laser is one of the most advanced tools we have in our civilization. Lasers are powerful enough to cut through a thick piece of steel, yet can be used in medical surgery. Lasers are used in the army, for guns, for range finding and a whole lot more. Most people don't know where the idea of the laser came from. The idea for the laser came from a machine called a maser. The maser was a tool that was able to strengthen, or amplify radio and light waves. The first laser was made in California in 1960. It was built by Theodore Maiman along with a group of American scientists. The material they used for a concentrator was a man- made ruby. This was done by, coiling a simple flash tube around a rod, and beaming powerful flashes of light at it. The result was pulses of red laser light. Once they made the device they had to name it. They had think of some word or words to described it. They came up with Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. Using the first letter of each main word they named it laser. The laser had everyone excited. The laser was put through many tests and experiments to see what it could do to help modern civilization. At first there weren't many uses for the laser. Then in the 1970's it became very important. It was finally being used in everyday life. As years went on the uses grew in number. Today lasers were being used in a variety of ways. This includes entertainment, military, communication, businesses, measurement, cutting, and more. Measurement: Lasers have become an important part of measurement. A laser is the fastest way to measure long distances. This use can be applied in construction work and astronomy. Cutting: A laser is also great for cutting objects. It can get to those hard to reach places by the use of mirrors to bend the beam of light. It also is strong enough to cut through solid steel. A laser never damages the surface of the object because it never touches it. Lasers have been used in both large and small surgical procedures. It is used by jewelers to cut diamonds, gold, silver, platinum, etc....It is also used in corporations in which cutting metal or fine cutting is involved. Communication: The way the laser is used in the field of communication is through fiber optics.

Human Senses and Perception: Accuracy and Weaknesses Essay

Can you really trust your senses and the interpretation of sensory data to give you an accurate view of the world? Describe and discuss the accuracy and the weaknesses of the human senses as they pertain to think in general and to your own thinking in particular. What perception means and how is relate to our senses? According to Joe Stratton (1999) on his book Critical Thinking for college students stated that â€Å"perception is the process of selection, organization, and interpretation of the sense-data into mental representation that can be use by the brain and the nerve system to provide content for thought† (p. 17). We can understand as Perception the process by which we receive and interpret information coming from the environment or ourselves. This information is received through the five senses: Sight, hearing, taste, touch and smell. Sensory perception is not sufficient to identify the outside world, it is necessary also the intervention of other processes such as attention, memory, and imagination. In other words, perception is how we understand and interpret the world. We perceive the world in certain ways depending on our beliefs is like a filter between us and the reality, the memories and experiences that we have stored in our subconscious mind and our capacity of imaginatio n is responsible for how we can perceive the reality. The perception varies from person to person; different people perceive different things in the same situation. â€Å"This sensing-thinking connection is so closely interrelated that our thinking often begins in our senses, progresses through additional sensory input, and shapes itself to our sensing habits; conversely, thinking can shape the way we sense† (Goodpaster & Kirby, 1999, p.44). There are some reasons that help us to believe in the accuracy of the sensory information, this mean that we are aware, dependent of our mind and perceptually seem to us. For example if we approach our arm to the fire we can feel the heat, meaning that the information passes through the touch receptors feeling the heat and sensory information reaches the brain, so next time we experience fire close to our body we will perceive that is hot.