Patient Information Management System Documentation free essay sample

The product system followed in this task incorporates the article arranged philosophy and Iteration philosophies. It begins with an underlying arranging and finishes with arrangement with the cyclic collaborations in the middle. The fundamental thought behind this strategy is to build up a framework through rehashed cycles (iterative) and in littler bits one after another (gradual), permitting programming designers to exploit what was found out during improvement of prior parts or forms of the framework. We will utilize three reality discovering strategies to locate the right data on the advancement of our framework. The procedures which were utilized by us include: * Interview One of the most significant methods of social affair data are interviews ,the meeting just is discussion to representative. * Document Sampling * Work Site Observation Significance of the Project The fundamental essentialness of this task to present the mechanize framework for Felege HiwotReferal Hospital, which gives compelling administrations for patients. The framework empowers emergency clinics and specialists to more readily serve their patients, improve nature of patient consideration, diminishing the time spent. We will compose a custom paper test on Persistent Information Management System Documentation or on the other hand any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Section Two: SYSTEM FEATURES 1. Existing System Description Medical clinics as of now utilize a manual framework for the administration and upkeep of basic data. The current framework requires various paper structures, with information stores spread all through emergency clinic client data the board foundation. Frequently data is inadequate, or doesn't adhere to the board gauges. Structures are frequently lost in travel between divisions requiring an exhaustive inspecting procedure to guarantee that no fundamental data is lost. Different duplicates of a similar data exist in the emergency clinic and may prompt irregularities in information in different information stores. 2. Proposed System Description The Hospital Customer Information Management System is intended for Any Hospital to supplant their current manual, paper based framework. The new framework is to control the general patient data. These administrations are to be given in a proficient, savvy way, with the objective of lessening time and assets utilization. 3. Explicit Requirements 3. 1 Tools and Material Requirement Software Requirement| purposes| Microsoft visual studio 2010 utilizing c# csharp| To effectively build up the framework | SQL server 2005/2008| For database designing| Notepad++| For altering code| Microsoft Visio| For framework structuring like social mapping, ER_diagram, element, etc. | Crystal report software| To produce report from the database| Table [ 1 ]. Programming Requirement Hardware Requirement| Purposes| Computers| For framework creates | Table [ 2 ]. Equipment Requirement 3. 1 User Requirements 3. 1. 1 Functional Requirements * Req1. The framework will include a patient. * Req3. The framework will look through a Patient. * Req4. The framework will create persistent data report. * Req7. The framework will change a record. * Req8. The framework will permit new clients to make account. * Req9. The framework will demand persistent full data. * Req10. The framework will check login legitimacy. 3. 1. 2 Non Functional Requirements * The framework ought to be anything but difficult to use for the client. * The framework will be accessible work 24 hours. * The framework will be effective to full fill quiet needs. * The framework ought to be made sure about from any client. * The framework will recuperate from mistake inside a brief timeframe. * The framework will limit mistakes and clear blunder message must be shown that manage client to deal with it. . 1. 3 System prerequisites R1. The framework ought to have a database to store information and data about the client. R1. 1. the framework will store information from the client. R1. 2. the framework will check the patient data that is finished or not. R1. 3. the framework watches that all data are entered. R1. 4. the framew ork spares data about the client. R2. The framework ought to be prepared for the client to login on the framework by showing a login on interface. R2. 1. the client need to login. R2. 2. the framework shows the login structure interface for the client. R2. 3. the client presents his/her secret key and client name. R2. . the framework confirms their secret phrase and client name. R2. 5. the framework shows a message if the client name or secret key not right. R2. 6. the framework login the client if client name and secret word is right. R4. The framework will have the option to look through all clients. R4. 1 the framework needs to look. R4. 2 the client enters the needed information. R5. The framework ought to forestall the information base administration framework from any an approved access. R6. The framework gives administration for the patients from neighborhood get to where there is web get to. R7. The framework ought to have the option to show blunder message if clients missin g some data. R8. The framework ought to add,search and refresh patients Analysis Models DFD Patient OPD Patient register Department Special Doctors Pharmacy Laboratory Patient Ok Operation Figure [ 1 ]. Information Flow Diagram Use case outline Figure 2. Use Case Diagram. Use Case Description. Use Case Id:| UC-001| Use Case Name| Patient Register | Use Case Description| around here use cases those Patients will setting off to the emergency clinic and will be enrolled in the framework. | Actors:| Patient| Preconditions:| * List of acknowledged patients are enrolled to the enlistment structure. | Flow of Events:| 1. The Patient requests enrollment. . The secretary checks if patient’s name is in the rundown of enrollment structure. 3. The Patient presents every single required detail. 4. assistant approves all submitted subtleties. 1. persistent enlisted. 5. End use case| Alternate Flow:| 2. 1 patient subtleties isn't found in the framework 2. 2. 1 The assistant educates the patient that he/she c an’t register. 2. 2. 2 The enlistment procedure ends. | Post condition| patients are enrolled to the framework and get administrations. | Goal| To enroll patients with proper information| Table [ 3 ]. Use Case Description. Use Case Id:| UC-002| Use Case Name:| Treat Patients| Use Case Description| This business use case is utilized to treat patients who are enrolled . The treatment depends on patient’s issue/maladies level. | Actors:| * Doctor * OPD * Department| Preconditions:| * quiet subtleties opposed in to the framework and checked. | Triggers:| * Notification letter from Zone| Flow of Events:| 1. OPD calls persistent who is enrolled. 2. OPD solicit the patient what sorts from side effects he/she has. 3. In the event that the patient effectively rewarded, the OPD recommend the patient, else he/she send to one of the office as the patient kind. 4. The Doctor checks if the patient is under goes activity or endorse medication. 5. The patient perform activity. 6. The patient endorse medication. 7. The patient finishes treatment. 8. The utilization cased end. | Exceptions:| | Information Requirements:| | Assumptions:| | Table [ 4 ]. Use Case Description. Use case id| UC_003| Use case name| Check quiet examination| Actor | Doctor| Description | Doctor confirms persistent infections by utilizing ground-breaking instrument. | Precondition | Patients ought to be treated by Opd. | Basic course of action| 1) Doctors show persistent outcome moved from OPD 2) Check whether the instrument has or not. ) If the instrument have treat understanding. 4) Check understanding outcome. 5) Record result into framework. 6) The framework check the information is record accurately. 7) Send information into other division. 8) Check the information effectively. 9) The utilization case end. | Post condition| Patient data is checked. | Goal| To check Patie nt status is substantial or not| Table [ 5 ]. Use Case Description Use case id| UC_004| Use case name| View report| Actor | Opd| Description | Allow chiefs to see the general day by day persistent enlisted. | Precondition | The framework ought to produce report| Basic course of action| 1. Open the landing page 2. Enter username and secret phrase 3. The framework approves username and secret word 4. Opd View framework created report 5. The utilization case ends| Alternative course of action| A3. The framework Determine the entered username and secret phrase invalid. A4. The framework tells the Opd the username and secret key is invalid and prompts to leaseholder. | Post condition| The Opd see report. | Goal| To see ideal report of patient| Table [ 6 ]. Use Case Description Use Case Id:| UC-005| Use Case Name| Login| Use Case Description| around here use cases Doctors, assistant, every division will heading off to the created framework and will be login first to begin a few applications/administrations. Actors:| Doctors, secretary, department| Preconditions:| * Doctors, assistant, division are login to the framework structure. | Flow of Events:| 1. The Doctor ought to login first. 2. The Doctor checks whenever enrolled patients in the framework. 3. The Doctor distinguishes what sort of patients are enlisted. 4. The Doctor disting uishes which office has a place with. 5. the patient goes to the office as needs be. 6. the patient will treat . 7. End use case| Alternate Flow:| 2. 2 The specialist doesn’t login to the framework 2. 3. 3 The specialist doesn’t have client login account. 2. 3. The enrollment procedure ends. | Post condition| Doctors are login to the framework and they give proper administrations for enrolled patients. | Goal| Doctors are make their login account so as to make the framework secure and afterward utilize that record to begin their work. | Use Case Id:| UC-006| Use Case Name| Record| Use Case Description| around here use cases assistant will going store every patient information to treat patients in a decent way. | Actors:| Receptionist| Preconditions:| Receptionists are login to the framework and gather quiet information at long last store the record. Stream of Events:| 1. The secretary ought to login first. 2. The assistant checks whenever enrolled patients in the frame work. 3. The secretary recognizes what type o

Importance of the Mayflower Compact essays

Significance of the Mayflower Compact expositions At the decision of a requesting venture over the Atlantic the Pilgrims, scared of a potential insurrection between the London and Leyden travelers, drew up the Mayflower Compact before going to land to build up an agreement that would present rules for a solid government. The Mayflower Compact was significant in light of the fact that it permitted the Pilgrims to unreservedly submit as equivalents to their new society and Jesus Christ, and gave just and equivalent laws that could be based on, consented to and upheld. It was huge that the Pilgrims were free men and decided to focus on God and start a Christian people group together as equivalents. Following quite a while of enduring in England it was significant they start their state by perceiving God and their brought together need to obey Him. The men who drafted the Mayflower Compact obviously demonstrated it would profit everybody by composing seriously and commonly within the sight of God, and of each other, pledge and join ourselves together into a common body politic, for our better requesting and conservation and advancement of the closures foresaid (Bradford, pg. 75-76 ). Being people, and supporting the possibility of balance, the Pilgrims imparted their resources for others out of luck so it would profit everybody, to benefit their entire society. The Mayflower Compact demonstrated the significance of the conviction that agreements were among God and man, just as among man and man. By setting every explorer signature on the pledge it i ndicated their readiness, before God, to meet up and structure one political unit, self-represented, to benefit the Colony. The Mayflower Compact was significant as an authoritative record on the grounds that once composed it was settled upon by all that every part would adhere to the laws to benefit the network. This is significant in light of the fact that the conviction was solid that for the legislature to be substantial it must originate from the understanding of the administered Colony. Separately, the Pilgrims probably won't have concur... <!

IQ and Birth order Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Level of intelligence and Birth request - Essay Example Inï ¬â€šuence of birth request on the character attributes people The character of people is influenced by in addition to other things their introduction to the world request in their families. Leading an investigation among 361 kin from differing family foundations (Melissa.M. 2007) discovered that birth request has an impact in the character qualities of a person in a family. Composing a report on their investigation discoveries they reasoned that age as a signiï ¬ cant impact on extraversion with more youthful kin being more extraverted than the more seasoned ones. Firmly identified with this attestation, are the discoveries of Ernst and Angst (1983), composing on more youthful kin being progressively extraverted as far as amiability contrasted with more seasoned kin. On his part (Sulloway, 1996), suggests that if kin are to utilize their character to look for favors from their folks, at that point parental venture, is expanded in extraversion in the more youthful children in the family. This thus prompts rivalry for consideration by the kin, along these lines causing kin competition. This intensified extraversion among the youthful kin shields them from their more seasoned kin henceforth they can stand up for themselves without any difficulty. Ahmed M. Al-Khalek and, Richard Lynn (2007) from the University of Kuwait likewise directed an examination on Intelligence, family size and birth request on around 4643 people and furthermore referenced a connection among's I.Q and the birth request of a person in their families. Talking about the discoveries of the examination, they understood that kids in bigger families were bound to have lower IQs than those from littler families. In any case, this finding is in strife with Zajonc’s con?uence hyp othesis and Blake’s weakening hypothesis that anticipates the connection between family size and insight to apply consistently over every single human culture. Furthermore, there was no demonstrate found to help the previous discoveries from United States and Europe,that birth request influences the IQ levels of youngsters, where more established kin will in general have higher IQs than the more youthful ones. It confirmed that there was a positive relationship between birth request for a very long time that are beneath eleven years. Ahmed M. Al-Khalek and, Richard Lynn (2007) likewise discovered there is extremely insignificant impact on an individual’s knowledge and the consideration they get from their folks as whether more youthful or more established than their kin. Results showed an extremely high likelihood of connection between family size and knowledge as most canny couples had fewer kids (Lynn, 1996). It’s likewise plausible that more established kin w ill in general have moderately lower IQs than their more youthful kin, a reality that could be credited to the age of the guardians that could likewise affect their children. Firmly identified with this, is the way that senior moms are at higher danger of bringing forth indulges that have less weight. This condition is frequently connected with lower shrewd levels. This affirms a previous attestation by Aliya, Jolly, Ehiri, and Salihu (2005)who affirmed a connection between later births and the subsequent results related with the

The Idiots Handbook to Top Essay Topics Revealed

The Idiot's Handbook to Top Essay Topics Revealed As soon as you've chosen your points, make sure to comment on all them for every one of the categories. Get Goofy Goofy topics still need sound reasoning and excellent writing. Why it isn't so bad to be homeless. Describe the college you would really like to visit. You may never keep us down. Ensure you give clear explanations of the things on your list too. A lot of students put on a uniform. School tests aren't powerful. What Does Top Essay Topics Mean? School should happen in the evenings. The six college article issues are found that you could locate on the business's web website. Our site provides custom writing help and editing help. Writing is an enjoyable way to pass the time for the two adults and kids alike. The Advantages of Top Essay Topics You cannot do both, since it is going to be too confusing for your readers. Very often it becomes tough to choose one particular topic either due to the many ideas in the student's head, or due to their complete absence. The teachers don't always assign the specific topic. In some instances, it may consist of studying your teacher in order to know your teacher's sense of humor. It's very likely to compose an article of a particular advice that you will need bear on thoughts and heart. Writing something which tickles someone's funny bone demands a great deal of prowess. As an example, let's say you select the very first topic from our list. Occasionally it happens at the very start, when you haven't any clue what things to begin with, lacking creativity and inspiration even to develop something brief. Be in the proper place in the most suitable time You should realize what sort of humor is for what. One of the serious hiccups in choosing funny argumentative essay topics is how comedy is quite a touchy field, and various individuals have various opinions of what comedy is about. If you don't know that fun is really among the costliest things on the planet of today, then you really do not know anything. Finding the Best Top Essay Topics Bear in mind which you can make funny argumentative essays if you do a few things. You might believe that interesting essay titles do all of the work, allowing you to add obvious examples and share ordinary ideas. It's quite easy to use in addition to self explanatory. Picking out the appropriate essay subject does call for a little function and also thought. Choose a law and explain why it's so important to you. All argumentative essays ought to have a conclusion paragraph. Colleges can tell whenever your essay is only a form essay. To compose an outstanding essay, it's critical to use specific academic language. It's very likely to compose an essay about a particular information that you have bear in mind and center. Although you'll have different conclusions in the conclusion of each paragraph throughout the text, you also must have a conclusion as a distinct role in the conclusion of your essay. To choose which subject you're likely to discuss, it's crucial to see the complete collection of good persuasive speech topics from the specific area of study. You need to understand what you will write about to devise a great research system. Therefore, for your coursework, you're want to have the very best ideas. College professors see that students are well-trained and inspired to compose essays when asked to achieve that. You may start to plan for your faculty essays before you start to finish your applications. On our site you will discover a lot more useful distinctive information that will certainly be practical for junior and higher school kids from, like common home task essay about Hamlet, together with, for instance, application essays for college for future students. The procedure for grading student papers can be a really boring one. From time to time, employing the very same topics over and over again makes students bored and not able to find inspiration to compose essays.

Childcare Differences Between American And Chinese Culture...

Childcare in China differs in many ways compared to American childcare. Generally speaking, this occurs from generations of cultural differences. What are the differences? The main focuses are on values, punishment, actions, and education. We can also compare childhood, adolescence, and maturity. These certain values help mold a culture and shows how a parent chooses to bring their children up in society. Childcare differences show us habits, morals, and the intentions of a child in these cultures, all creating different effects. Similarly, American and Chinese culture teach self-conduct when raising children. In Chinese culture they practice Guan, which is to educate, care, control, support and love. This practice follows Confucianism, which is criticism to encourage to push them to gain social values and is a very strict action. China continues to make every effort to reach for success. It seeks high values for individualism and respect of adolescents to others. 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I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings And Tim O Brien s The...

Similar to how the great painter Pablo Picasso paints a picture using colors on a canvas, an author paints an image in the reader s mind through the style that they can write. The way an author chooses to write their novel can help the reader understand the author s personality, beliefs, and general lifestyle. Every author who has ever written anything from a letter to a friend to a novel has their own personal writing style unique to their author that can be observed through their works. Maya Angelou s I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings and Tim O’Brien’s The Things They Carried are no exception to this rule, and each show the similarities and differences in the author s personality. There are many similarities between the style of writing in Maya Angelou s I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings and Tim O’Brien’s The Things They Carried. For example, in Maya Angelou s I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, Maya Angelou wrote â€Å"The truth of the statement was like a wadded-up handkerchief, sopping wet in my fists, and the sooner they accepted it the quicker I could let my hands open and the air would cool my poem†(1). This incredibly detailed quote shows how incredibly detailed Maya Angelou writes in her works and how well she applies imagery in her writing. Similar in Tim O’Brien’s The Things They Carried, Tim O’Brien writes â€Å"And in the end, of course, a true war story is never about war. It’s about sunlight. It’s about the special way that dawn spreads out on a river when you know

Impacts of the Printer in the Usage Stag

Questions: 1. Discuss the impact of the printer in the usage stage.2. How printers effects the governments only. Answers: 1. Impact of the printer in the usage stage The impact of the printer created in the usage stage is seemed to be negative impact on the environment. The impact of the printing also shows the paging and the lining disturbances which are created while carrying out volume printing process. Hence it creates a negative impact on the e4nvionment functionality of the printers during the time of usage and also due to these disturbances wastage of the materials and manufactured products takes place (Bleicher, 2012). Thus it enhances the footprints of the environment on the consumption of the paper whose impact can be taken into account for the creation of the proper usage of the process. 2. How printers effects the governments only The printers have brought about a great advantages in the governmental sectors and offices. With the help of the printers, it has become easy for the offices to work systematically and smoothly. With the implementation of the printers, it has become possible to get the hard copy of different documents in a matter of seconds (IKEGAWA et al., 2014). Moreover printers have helped to save a lot of manpower because earlier as people used to type or write the documents, but with the introduction of printers, it has become possible to save a lot of manpower and time and get the documents printed in matter of seconds. Critical comment According to the writer of the easy the printer has substantial environment impact as it increase the use of papers and the natural resources thus provide significant environmental issue. The main environment issue is for making paper the woods are destroyed, which have significant environmental problem as it lead to the issues like global warming, pollution and reducing oxygen level in the air. The author of the easy carefully research on this topic. However, it helps in reducing the time for the governmental records and it also improve the efficiency for reducing the environmental impact government reduce the use of printer. References Bleicher, S. (2012).Contemporary color. Clifton Park, NY: Delmar Cengage Learning. IKEGAWA, M., SASAKI, H., OGINO, M. and SOUMA, K. (2014). Industrial-use Continuous-type Inkjet Printer Utilized for Food Control.Journal of the Japan Society of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, 22(4), pp.469-474.

Essay Survival Guide

Essay Survival Guide When it comes to write an essay  and formating a paper, we live with the constant fear that nothing we do will be good enough for that holiest of all grades – an A. More often than not, we turn in a quality paper by our standards, but find that our professor has an entirely different expectation in mind. This eBook was created to help you enter the mind of your professor – perhaps, with a little understanding, you can aim your papers toward his or her expectations. Book Details File Size:  182 KB Print Length:  26 pages Publication Date:  March 25, 2016 ISBN:  9781508038283 Language:  English Price: $0.99 Edition by:  Cassandra Bondie and Team Buy Here Amazon  Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã‚  ITunes  Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã‚  GooglePlay  Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã‚  Barnes Noble  Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã‚  Kobo  Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã‚  Google Books CONTENT An Introduction An Open Letter to You: The Student What to Expect as You Read Necessary Time Management Skills Concluding Thoughts Section 1: Mastering Your Subject: The First Step Six Unbeatable Research Tips FAQs: Finding the Right Angle Generating a Bibliography in Four Easy Steps Section 2: Formatting a Rough Draft: The Writing Process The Seven Rules of Using MLA Format Why You  NEED  an Outline Writing the Draft Section 3: The Editing Period: Completing Your Work Eight Mistakes You’ve Probably Made The Three-Step Editing Process Polishing Your Final Piece In three easy sections, we’re going to walk you through the process of writing an â€Å"A† paper. If you follow all of these instructions to a fault, you’ll find that it isn’t as difficult as you originally believed to achieve a perfect score. It’s all about the outlook. It’s all about what you know. When you’re done, you’re going to know an awful lot. Good luck!

Understanding What Fluid Dynamics is

Understanding What Fluid Dynamics is Fluid dynamics is the study of the movement of fluids, including their interactions as two fluids come into contact with each other. In this context, the term fluid refers to either liquid or gases. It is a macroscopic, statistical approach to analyzing these interactions at a large scale, viewing the fluids as a continuum of matter and generally ignoring the fact that the liquid or gas is composed of individual atoms. Fluid dynamics is one of the two main branches of fluid mechanics, with the other branch being  fluid statics,  the study of fluids at rest. (Perhaps not surprisingly, fluid statics may be thought of as a bit less exciting most of the time than fluid dynamics.) Key Concepts of Fluid Dynamics Every discipline involves concepts that are crucial to understanding how it operates. Here are some of the main ones that youll come across when trying to understand fluid dynamics. Basic Fluid Principles The fluid concepts that apply in fluid statics also come into play when studying fluid that is in motion. Pretty much the earliest concept in fluid mechanics is that of buoyancy, discovered in ancient Greece by Archimedes. As fluids flow, the density and pressure of the fluids are also crucial to understanding how they will interact. The viscosity  determines how resistant the liquid is to change, so is also essential in studying the movement of the liquid. Here are some of the variables that come up in these analyses: Bulk viscosity:  ÃŽ ¼Density:  Ã Kinematic viscosity:  ÃŽ ½ ÃŽ ¼ / Ï  Flow Since fluid dynamics involves the study of the motion of fluid, one of the first concepts that must be understood is how physicists quantify that movement. The term that physicists use to describe the physical properties of the movement of liquid is flow. Flow describes a wide range of fluid movement, such blowing through the air, flowing through a pipe, or running along a surface. The flow of a fluid is classified in a variety of different ways, based upon the various properties of the flow. Steady vs. Unsteady Flow If the movement of fluid does not change over time, it is considered a steady flow. This is determined by a situation where all properties of the flow remain constant with respect to time or alternately can be talked about by saying that the time-derivatives of the flow field vanish. (Check out calculus for more about understanding derivatives.) A steady-state flow  is even less time-dependent because all of the fluid properties (not just the flow properties) remain constant at every point within the fluid. So if you had a steady flow, but the properties of the fluid itself changed at some point (possibly because of a barrier causing time-dependent ripples in some parts of the fluid), then you would have a steady flow that is not a steady-state flow. All steady-state flows are examples of steady flows, though.  A current flowing at a constant rate through a straight pipe would be an example of a steady-state flow (and also a steady flow).   If the flow itself has properties that change over time, then it is called an unsteady flow or a transient flow. Rain flowing into a gutter during a storm is an example of unsteady flow. As a general rule, steady flows make for easier problems to deal with than unsteady flows, which is what one would expect given that the time-dependent changes to the flow dont have to be taken into account, and things that change over time are typically going to make things more complicated. Laminar Flow vs. Turbulent Flow A smooth flow of liquid is said to have laminar flow. Flow that contains seemingly chaotic, non-linear motion is said to have turbulent flow. By definition, a turbulent flow is a type of unsteady flow.   Both types of flows may contain eddies, vortices, and various types of recirculation, though the more of such behaviors that exist the more likely the flow is to be classified as turbulent.   The distinction between whether a flow is laminar or turbulent is usually related to the Reynolds number (Re). The Reynolds number was first calculated in 1951 by physicist George Gabriel Stokes, but it is named after the 19th-century scientist Osborne Reynolds. The Reynolds number is dependent not only on the specifics of the fluid itself but also on the conditions of its flow, derived as the ratio of inertial forces to viscous forces in the following way:   Re Inertial force / Viscous forces Re (Ï  V dV/dx) / (ÃŽ ¼ d2V/dx2) The term dV/dx is the gradient of the velocity (or first derivative of the velocity), which is proportional to the velocity (V) divided by L, representing a scale of length, resulting in dV/dx V/L. The second derivative is such that d2V/dx2 V/L2. Substituting these in for the first and second derivatives results in: Re (Ï  V V/L) / (ÃŽ ¼ V/L2) Re   (Ï  V L) / ÃŽ ¼ You can also divide through by the length scale L, resulting in a Reynolds number per foot, designated as Re f V /  ÃŽ ½. A low Reynolds number indicates smooth, laminar flow. A high Reynolds number indicates a flow that is going to demonstrate eddies and vortices and will generally be more turbulent. Pipe Flow vs. Open-Channel Flow Pipe flow represents a flow that is in contact with rigid boundaries on all sides, such as water moving through a pipe (hence the name pipe flow) or air moving through an air duct. Open-channel flow describes flow in other situations where there is at least one free surface that is not in contact with a rigid boundary. (In technical terms, the free surface has 0 parallel sheer stress.) Cases of open-channel flow include water moving through a river, floods, water flowing during rain, tidal currents, and irrigation canals. In these cases, the surface of the flowing water, where the water is in contact with the air, represents the free surface of the flow. Flows in a pipe are driven by either pressure or gravity, but flows in open-channel situations are driven solely by gravity. City water systems often use water towers to take advantage of this, so that the elevation difference of the water in the tower (the  hydrodynamic head)  creates a pressure differential, which is then adjusted with mechanical pumps to get water to the locations in the system where they are needed.   Compressible vs. Incompressible Gases are generally treated as compressible fluids because the volume that contains them can be reduced. An air duct can be reduced by half the size and still carry the same amount of gas at the same rate. Even as the gas flows through the air duct, some regions will have higher densities than other regions. As a general rule, being incompressible means that the density of any region of the fluid does not change as a function of time as it moves through the flow. Liquids can also be compressed, of course, but theres more of a limitation on the amount of compression that can be made. For this reason, liquids are typically modeled as if they were incompressible. Bernoullis Principle Bernoullis principle is another key element of fluid dynamics, published in Daniel Bernoullis 1738 book  Hydrodynamica. Simply put, it relates the increase of speed in a liquid to a decrease in pressure or potential energy.  For incompressible fluids, this can be described using what is known as Bernoullis equation: (v2/2) gz p/Ï  constant Where g is the acceleration due to gravity, Ï  is the pressure throughout the liquid,  v is the fluid flow speed at a given point, z is the elevation at that point, and p is the pressure at that point. Because this is constant within a fluid, this means that these equations can relate any two points, 1 and 2, with the following equation: (v12/2) gz1 p1/Ï  (v22/2) gz2 p2/Ï  The relationship between pressure and potential energy of a liquid based on elevation is also related through Pascals Law. Applications of Fluid Dynamics Two-thirds of the Earths surface is water and the planet is surrounded by layers of atmosphere, so we are literally surrounded at all times by fluids ... almost always in motion. Thinking about it for a bit, this makes it pretty obvious that there would be a lot of interactions of moving fluids for us to study and understand scientifically. Thats where fluid dynamics comes in, of course, so theres no shortage of fields that apply concepts from fluid dynamics. This list is not at all exhaustive, but provides a good overview of ways in which fluid dynamics show up in the study of physics across a range of specializations: Oceanography, Meteorology,   Climate Science - Since the atmosphere is modeled as fluids, the study of atmospheric science  and ocean currents, crucial for understanding and predicting weather patterns and climate trends, relies heavily on fluid dynamics.Aeronautics - The physics of fluid dynamics involves studying the flow of air to create drag and lift, which in turn generate the forces that allow heavier-than-air flight.Geology Geophysics - Plate tectonics involves studying the motion of the heated matter within the liquid core of the Earth.Hematology Hemodynamics - The biological study of blood includes the study of its circulation through blood vessels, and the blood circulation can be modeled using the methods of fluid dynamics.Plasma Physics - Though neither a liquid nor a gas, plasma often behaves in ways that are similar to fluids, so can also be modeled using fluid dynamics.Astrophysics Cosmology  - The process of stellar evolution involves the change of stars over time, which can be understood by studying how the plasma that composes the stars flows and interacts within the star over time. Traffic Analysis - Perhaps one of the most surprising applications of fluid dynamics is in understanding the movement of traffic, both vehicular and pedestrian traffic. In areas where the traffic is sufficiently dense, the whole body of traffic can be treated as a single entity that behaves in ways that are roughly similar enough to the flow of a fluid. Alternative Names of Fluid Dynamics Fluid dynamics is also sometimes referred at as hydrodynamics, although this is more of a historical term. Throughout the twentieth century, the phrase fluid dynamics became much more commonly used. Technically, it would be more appropriate to say that hydrodynamics is when fluid dynamics is applied to liquids in motion and aerodynamics is when fluid dynamics is applied to gases in motion. However, in practice, specialized topics such as hydrodynamic stability and magnetohydrodynamics use the hydro- prefix even when they are applying those concepts to the motion of gases.

Using Marketing Channels and Price to Create Value for Customers Essay

Using Marketing Channels and Price to Create Value for Customers - Essay Example This broadens the targeted customer base, and creates a new understanding of what the markets are all about. It opens up new avenues that provide the product with ideal marketing properties, hence reaching more clients within the shortest time possible. This also allows more clients to be aware of the products being sold, and have the right information (Kerin, 2012). Selective distribution is used to reach out to a majority of the clients (â€Å"Week 6 reading†). The targeting process allows the consumer to attain the level of growth required in sales and revenue. The work of the distributor is to understand the market and rally all the supply chains under its control to take up the product to the wholesaler (Hochbaum, 2011). This marketing gimmick entices the wholesaler to stock the product. The wholesaler takes up the product and convinces the retailers that it is a good way of meeting the changing client’s demands. It will be a boost to the retailer’s sales and revenue collection. The retailer recommends the products and ensures the clients come back for more. This makes it easy to reach out to more clients while at the same time providing new requirements to satisfy the needs of these clients (Kerin, 2012). The pricing strategies in place aim at maximizing the sales and the market share. By maximizing profits, it is possible to create efficient systems and effectively capture the required clientele bases. It opens up new methods of doing business while still earning the forecasted profits. By working on maximizing the market share, the company earns a better share of the clientele bases and captures more markets (Hochbaum, 2011). This allows more people to view the product and create a better way of involving all the people needed to attain these goals. The main strategy here is to use the odd-even pricing strategy (â€Å"Week 6 reading†). This approach allows clients to come and acquire products in bulk because of the

Seizing Computers and Obtaining Electronic Evidence in Criminal Essay

Seizing Computers and Obtaining Electronic Evidence in Criminal Investigations - Essay Example The plain view exception indicates that the search warrant holders should seize evidence in plain view. No warrant is needed to seize evidence that is in view. However, in computer devices, this is not applicable. Courts have generally held that law enforcers are entitled to search the entire computing device for evidence in the case of a crime. The law enforcers are encouraged to look for information in the entire device by reviewing every file in the computer. This is major because of the ease with which files in a computer can be camouflaged or hidden in different kinds of names and extensions. Assume that the courts in your jurisdiction are considering requiring a judicially approved ‘search protocol’ before a judge will sign a search warrant authorizing a search of any computer device. Computers can be used to manipulate evidence and make it difficult for authorities to obtain the required information to prosecute or find evidence. Even though law enforcers are allo wed to carry out a search warrant if the courts deem it fit to curtail their mandate they would be forced to oblige, but at the risk of losing vital evidence. If courts restrict searches of computer devices up to the point when a judicial approval is received, suspects can manipulate their devices and do away with what can be incriminating. However, if the judicial approval is needed before a search warrant, then the law enforcers should be allowed to have the devices in their possession to eliminate the risk of the accused tampering with the evidence.

Jet Blue Melt Down Essay Example for Free

Jet Blue Melt Down Essay The technology department at Jet Blue airlines let down the company during the melt down. There were many areas where if the technology department had been on top of its game this melt down would not have been nearly as bad as it was. These range from simple communications problems to issues with lost bags. The first area where technology let down those at Jet Blue was that of not being able to rebook flights on the internet. This was a major problem as because the website did not allow for passengers whose flights had been cancelled to reschedule they had to call agents. The problem here is many of these agents work from home and the system was only capable of handling 650 calls at a time. If the website had been able to allow customers to rebook it would have taken a lot of the load off of these agents. The second issue we have here is the system only allowed for 650 agents to be on the phones at a time. When you consider they have the normal everyday business along with many flights being cancelled causing angry passengers to call in to rebook this problem became magnified. Customer grew angry with the amount of time that they had to remain on hold to rebook flights. The next issue that lingered was that of being able to identify who owned the lost luggage. This system was a simple one as it only took the technology department 24 hours to design a system to locate these passengers and reunite them with their luggage. However, when you are already upset and angry 24 hours is quite a long time. This was an issue that never should have been as it should have been in place prior to this event. Finally we come to the issue of being able to communicate with off duty crews and know their location when rebooking flights. This issue was one that could have been fixed in a simple manner with a system similar to that  which Nextel offers to customer’s walkie talkie options with a gps locator on the phone. To conclude my findings if the technology department had been doing its job prior to these events the problem would not have been nearly as magnified. Through some simple fixes and forward thinking there could have been several areas that would have helped to make managing this event easier from enhanced phone systems to a website with more capabilities for customers to simple gps enable cell phones this problem would not have cost the company upwards of 30 million dollars.

Lasers :: essays research papers

The laser is one of the most advanced tools we have in our civilization. Lasers are powerful enough to cut through a thick piece of steel, yet can be used in medical surgery. Lasers are used in the army, for guns, for range finding and a whole lot more. Most people don't know where the idea of the laser came from. The idea for the laser came from a machine called a maser. The maser was a tool that was able to strengthen, or amplify radio and light waves. The first laser was made in California in 1960. It was built by Theodore Maiman along with a group of American scientists. The material they used for a concentrator was a man- made ruby. This was done by, coiling a simple flash tube around a rod, and beaming powerful flashes of light at it. The result was pulses of red laser light. Once they made the device they had to name it. They had think of some word or words to described it. They came up with Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. Using the first letter of each main word they named it laser. The laser had everyone excited. The laser was put through many tests and experiments to see what it could do to help modern civilization. At first there weren't many uses for the laser. Then in the 1970's it became very important. It was finally being used in everyday life. As years went on the uses grew in number. Today lasers were being used in a variety of ways. This includes entertainment, military, communication, businesses, measurement, cutting, and more. Measurement: Lasers have become an important part of measurement. A laser is the fastest way to measure long distances. This use can be applied in construction work and astronomy. Cutting: A laser is also great for cutting objects. It can get to those hard to reach places by the use of mirrors to bend the beam of light. It also is strong enough to cut through solid steel. A laser never damages the surface of the object because it never touches it. Lasers have been used in both large and small surgical procedures. It is used by jewelers to cut diamonds, gold, silver, platinum, etc....It is also used in corporations in which cutting metal or fine cutting is involved. Communication: The way the laser is used in the field of communication is through fiber optics.

Human Senses and Perception: Accuracy and Weaknesses Essay

Can you really trust your senses and the interpretation of sensory data to give you an accurate view of the world? Describe and discuss the accuracy and the weaknesses of the human senses as they pertain to think in general and to your own thinking in particular. What perception means and how is relate to our senses? According to Joe Stratton (1999) on his book Critical Thinking for college students stated that â€Å"perception is the process of selection, organization, and interpretation of the sense-data into mental representation that can be use by the brain and the nerve system to provide content for thought† (p. 17). We can understand as Perception the process by which we receive and interpret information coming from the environment or ourselves. This information is received through the five senses: Sight, hearing, taste, touch and smell. Sensory perception is not sufficient to identify the outside world, it is necessary also the intervention of other processes such as attention, memory, and imagination. In other words, perception is how we understand and interpret the world. We perceive the world in certain ways depending on our beliefs is like a filter between us and the reality, the memories and experiences that we have stored in our subconscious mind and our capacity of imaginatio n is responsible for how we can perceive the reality. The perception varies from person to person; different people perceive different things in the same situation. â€Å"This sensing-thinking connection is so closely interrelated that our thinking often begins in our senses, progresses through additional sensory input, and shapes itself to our sensing habits; conversely, thinking can shape the way we sense† (Goodpaster & Kirby, 1999, p.44). There are some reasons that help us to believe in the accuracy of the sensory information, this mean that we are aware, dependent of our mind and perceptually seem to us. For example if we approach our arm to the fire we can feel the heat, meaning that the information passes through the touch receptors feeling the heat and sensory information reaches the brain, so next time we experience fire close to our body we will perceive that is hot.

Medieval Sumptuary Laws

The medieval world wasnt all drab clothing, flavorless food, and dark, drafty castles. Medieval folk knew how to enjoy themselves, and those who could afford it indulged in dazzling displays of wealth — sometimes to excess. Sumptuary laws originated to address this excess. The Lavish Life of the Nobility The upper classes took particular pleasure and pride in garbing themselves in luxurious finery. The exclusivity of their status symbols was assured by the excessive cost of their garments. Not only were the fabrics expensive, but tailors charged hefty fees to design attractive outfits and fit them specifically to their clients to make them look good. Even the colors used indicated status: bolder, brighter dyes that didnt fade easily were more costly, too. It was expected of the lord of the manor or castle to throw great feasts on special occasions, and nobles vied with each other to see who could offer the most exotic and abundant foodstuffs. Swans werent particularly good eating, but no knight or lady wanting to impress would pass up the chance to serve one in all its feathers at their banquet, often with its beak gilded. And anyone who could afford to build or hold a castle could also afford to make it warm and welcoming, with opulent tapestries, colorful draperies, and plush furnishings. These ostentatious displays of riches concerned the clergy and the more pious secular rulers. They believed that lavish spending wasnt good for the soul, especially keeping in mind Christs warning, It is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle, than for a rich man to enter into the kingdom of God. And those less well-off were known to follow the fashions of the rich on items they couldnt really afford. In times of economic upheaval (such as the years during and following the Black Death), it sometimes became possible for the lower classes to acquire what was usually more costly clothing and fabrics. When this happened, the upper classes found it offensive, and everyone else found it unsettling; how was anyone to know if the lady in the velvet gown was a countess, a wealthy merchants wife, an upstart peasant or a prostitute? So, in some countries and at various times, sumptuary laws were passed to limit conspicuous consumption. These laws addressed the excessive cost and reckless display of clothing, food, drink, and household furnishings. The idea was to limit wild spending by the richest of the rich, but sumptuary laws were also designed to keep the lower classes from blurring the lines of social distinction. To this end, specific garments, fabrics and even certain colors became illegal for anyone but the nobility to wear. The History of Sumptuary Laws in Europe Sumptuary laws go back to ancient times. In Greece, such laws helped establish the reputation of the Spartans by forbidding them to attend drinking entertainments, own homes or furniture of elaborate construction, and possess silver or gold. The Romans, whose Latin language gave us the term sumptus for excessive expenditure, were concerned with extravagant dining habits and lavish banquets. They also passed laws addressing luxury in womens adornment, the fabric, and style of mens clothing, furniture, gladiatorial displays, the exchange of gifts and even funeral arrangements. And certain colors of clothing, such as purple, were restricted to the upper classes. Although some of these laws were not specifically called sumptuary, they nevertheless formed precedents for future sumptuary legislation. Early Christians had concerns over excessive expenditures, as well. Both men and women were admonished to dress plainly, in keeping with the humble ways of Jesus, carpenter and itinerant preacher. God would be far more pleased if they garbed themselves in virtue and good works rather than silks and brightly-colored clothing. When the western Roman Empire began to falter, economic hardship reduced the impetus for passing sumptuary laws, and for quite some time the only regulations in effect in Europe were those established within the Christian Church for clergy and monastics. Charlemagne and his son Louis the Pious proved to be notable exceptions. In 808, Charlemagne passed laws limiting the price of certain garments in the hopes of reigning in the extravagance of his court. When Louis succeeded him, he passed legislation forbidding the wearing of silk, silver, and gold. But these were only the exceptions. No other government concerned themselves with sumptuary laws until the 1100s. With the strengthening of the European economy that developed in the High Middle Ages came the return of those excessive expenditures that concerned authorities. The twelfth century, in which some scholars have seen a cultural renaissance, saw the passage of the first secular sumptuary law in over 300 years: a limitation on the price of sable furs used to trim garments. This short-lived legislation, passed in Genoa in 1157 and dropped in 1161, may seem insignificant, but it heralded a future trend that grew throughout 13th- and 14th-century Italy, France, and Spain. Most of the rest of Europe passed little to no sumptuary legislation until well into the 14th century, when the Black Death upset the status quo. Of those countries that concerned themselves with their subjects excesses, Italy was the most prolific in passing sumptuary laws. In cities such as Bologna, Lucca, Perugia, Siena, and most especially Florence and Venice, legislation was passed concerning virtually every aspect of daily life. The foremost motive of these laws appears to be the restraint of excess. Parents could not dress their children in garments made of particularly costly fabric or adorned with precious gems. Brides were restricted in the number of rings they were allowed to accept as gifts on their wedding day. And mourners were forbidden to engage in excessive displays of grief, wailing and going with their hair uncovered. Sumptuous Women Some of the laws passed seemed to be specifically targeted at women. This had a lot to do with a common view among the clergy of women as the morally weaker sex and even, it was often stated, the ruin of men. When men bought sumptuous clothing for their wives and daughters and then had to pay the fines when the extravagance of their finery surpassed the limits set down in the law, women were often blamed for manipulating their husbands and fathers. Men may have complained, but they didnt stop buying luxurious clothes and jewels for the women in their lives. Jews and Sumptuary Law Throughout their history in Europe, Jews took care to wear fairly sober clothing and never to flaunt any financial success they may have enjoyed in order to avoid provoking jealousy and hostility in their Christian neighbors. Jewish leaders issued sumptuary guidelines out of concern for the safety of their community. Medieval Jews were discouraged from dressing like Christians, in part for fear that assimilation could lead to conversion. Of their own accord, Jews in 13th-century England, France, and Germany wore a pointed hat, known as a  Judenhut,  to distinguish themselves as Jewish in public. As Europe grew more populated and the cities became a little more cosmopolitan, there was increased friendship and fraternization among individuals of different religions. This concerned the authorities of the Christian Church, who feared that Christian values would erode among those exposed to non-Christians. It bothered some of them that there was no way to tell if someone was Christian, Jewish or Muslim just by looking at them and that mistaken identity could lead to scandalous conduct between men and women of different belief systems. At the  Fourth Lateran Council  of November 1215,  Pope Innocent III  and the gathered Church officials made decrees concerning the mode of dress of non-Christians. Two of the canons stated: Jews and Muslims shall wear a special dress to enable them to be distinguished from Christians. Christian princes must take measures to prevent blasphemies against Jesus Christ. The exact nature of this distinctive dress was left up to individual secular leaders. Some governments decreed that a simple badge, usually yellow but sometimes white and occasionally red, be worn by all Jewish subjects. In England, a piece of yellow cloth meant to symbolize the Old Testament was worn. The  Judenhut  became mandatory over time, and in other regions, distinctive hats were compulsory elements of Jewish attire. Some countries went even further, requiring Jews to wear wide, black tunics and cloaks with pointed hoods. These structures could not fail to humiliate the Jews, though mandatory elements of dress were not the worst fate they suffered in the Middle Ages. Whatever else they did, the restrictions made Jews instantly recognizable and clearly different from Christians throughout Europe, and, unfortunately, they continued up to the 20th century. Sumptuary Law and the Economy Most of the sumptuary laws passed in the High Middle Ages came about due to increased economic prosperity and the excessive spending that went with it. Moralists feared such excess would harm society and corrupt Christian souls. But on the other side of the coin, there was a pragmatic reason for passing sumptuary laws: economic health. In some regions where the cloth was manufactured, it became illegal to purchase those fabrics from foreign sources. This may not have been a great hardship in places such as Flanders, where they were famous for the quality of their woolens, but in areas with less stellar reputations, wearing local products could have been tedious, uncomfortable, and even embarrassing. Effects of Sumptuary Laws With the notable exception of legislation regarding non-Christian attire, sumptuary laws seldom worked. It was largely impossible to monitor everyones purchases, and in the chaotic years following the Black Death, there were too many unforeseen changes and too few officials in any position to execute the laws. Prosecutions of lawbreakers were not unknown, but they were uncommon. With the punishment for breaking the law usually limited to a fine, the very rich could still acquire whatever their hearts desired and simply pay the fine as part of the cost of doing business. Still, the existence of sumptuary laws speaks to the concern of medieval authorities for the stability of the social structure. In spite of their general inefficacy, the passage of such laws continued through the Middle Ages and beyond. Sources Killerby, Catherine Kovesi,  Sumptuary Law in Italy 1200-1500.  Oxford University Press, 2002, 208 pp. Piponnier, Francoise, and Perrine Mane,  Dress in the Middle Ages.  Yale University Press, 1997, 167 pp. Howell, Martha C.,  Commerce before Capitalism in Europe, 1300-1600.  Cambridge University Press, 2010. 366 pp. Dean, Trevor, and K. J. P. Lowe, Eds.,  Crime, Society and the Law in Renaissance Italy.  Cambridge University Press, 1994. 296 pp. Castello, Elena Romero, and Uriel Macias Kapon,  The Jews and Europe.  Chartwell Books, 1994, 239 pp. Marcus, Jacob Rader, and Marc Saperstein,  The Jew in the Medieval World: A Source Book, 315-1791.  Hebrew Union College Press. 2000, 570 pp.